The medium growth coniferous and deciduous trees are raised in a nursery for one year until they become 1 inch in diameter at 4.5 feet above the ground (the size of tree purchased in a 15-gallon container). ∆LOrganic = Annual change in emissions from drained organic soils per hectare, EFcropland= 13.17 metric tons C/hectare/year (average of emission factors for drained organic cropland soils in sub-tropical, cold temperate, and warm temperate climates in the United States) (EPA 2019), EFforestland= 2.60 + 0.31 = 2.91 metric tons C/hectare/year (emission factors for temperate drained organic forest soils) (IPCC 2014), ∆Lorganic = 13.17 - 2.91 = 10.26 metric tons C/hectare/year emitted. This includes the amount of energy needed to charge a fully depleted smartphone battery and maintain that full charge throughout the day. Monthly Energy Review March 2019, Table A4: Approximate Heat Content of Natural Gas for End-Use Sector Consumption. Carbon dioxide emissions per smartphone charged were determined by multiplying the energy use per smartphone charged by the national weighted average carbon dioxide marginal emission rate for delivered electricity. 2.32 MWaverage capacity x 0.34 x 8,760 hours/year x 1,000 kWh/MWh x 6.6204 x 10-4 metric tons CO2/kWh reduced = 4,632 metric tons CO2/year/wind turbine installed. Annual energy consumed by a light bulb is calculated by multiplying the power (43 watts) by the average daily use (3 hours/day) by the number of days per year (365). This percentage considers all transmission and distribution losses that occur between net generation and electricity sales. Propane is 81.7 percent carbon (EPA 2019). The average heat content of coal consumed by the electric power sector in the U.S. in 2017 was 20.92 mmbtu per metric ton (EIA 2019). Hawthorne Gardening Company stocks the full … Waste Transfer Stations: A Manual for Decision-Making. Annual home electricity consumption was multiplied by the carbon dioxide emission rate (per unit of electricity delivered) to determine annual carbon dioxide emissions per home. Note: Due to rounding, performing the calculations given in the equations below may not return the exact results shown. Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR Qualified Light Bulbs. The +08 indicates the decimal should be moved eight places to the right. EE and RE programs are not generally assumed to affect baseload power plants that run all the time, but rather marginal power plants that are brought online as necessary to meet demand. Table VM-1. The national average carbon dioxide output rate for electricity generated in 2016 was 998.4 lbs CO2 per megawatt-hour (EPA 2018), which translates to about 1,072.1 lbs CO2 per megawatt-hour for delivered electricity, assuming transmission and distribution losses of 6.9% (EIA 2019b; EPA 2018).1. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. EPA #430-R-19-001 (PDF). 34 watts x 3 hours/day x 365 days/year x 1 kWh/1,000 Wh = 37.2 kWh/year/bulb replaced, 37.2 kWh/bulb/year x 1,558.8 pounds CO2/MWh delivered electricity x 1 MWh/1,000 kWh x 1 metric ton/2,204.6 lbs = 2.63 x 10-2 metric tons CO2/bulb replaced, In 2018, 120.3 million homes in the United States consumed 1,462 billion kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity (EIA 2019a). In 2017, the ratio of carbon dioxide emissions to total greenhouse gas emissions (including carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, all expressed as carbon dioxide equivalents) for passenger vehicles was 0.989 (EPA 2019). These rates can be adjusted using the sliders. On average, each home consumed 12,146 kWh of delivered electricity (EIA 2019a). “A carbon footprint is the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused directly and indirectly by an individual, organization, event or product.” 1 It is calculated by summing the emissions resulting from every stage of a product or service’s lifetime (material production, manufacturing, use, and end-of-life). The national weighted average carbon dioxide marginal emission rate for delivered electricity in 2018 was 1,558.8 lbs CO2 per megawatt-hour, which accounts for losses during transmission and distribution (EPA 2019). 0.0053 metric tons CO2/therm x 10.37 therms/Mcf = 0.0549 metric tons CO2/Mcf. Carbon dioxide emissions reduced per trash bag full of waste were determined by multiplying emissions avoided from recycling instead of landfilling 1 ton of waste by the amount of waste in an average trash bag. In the preamble to the joint EPA/Department of Transportation rulemaking on May 7, 2010 that established the initial National Program fuel economy standards for model years 2012-2016, the agencies stated that they had agreed to use a common conversion factor of 10,180 grams of CO2 emissions per gallon of diesel consumed (Federal Register 2010). Chapter 2: Drained Inland Organic Soils. A marginal emission factor is the best representation to estimate which fossil-fired units EE/RE are displacing across the fossil fleet. The average time required to completely recharge a smartphone battery is 2 hours (Ferreira et al. To estimate CO2 not emitted when an acre of forest is preserved from conversion to cropland, simply multiply the number of acres of forest not converted by -147.83 mt CO2/acre/year. 2. Average survival rates in urban areas are based on broad assumptions, and the rates will vary significantly depending upon site conditions. International energy information, including overviews, rankings, data, and analyses. Office of Highway Policy Information, Federal Highway Administration. Energy & Financial Markets: What Drives Crude Oil Prices? Financial market analysis and financial data for major energy companies. Our greenhouse kits fit a wide variety of applications, from utilitarian to luxury show pieces. 8.89 × 10-3 metric tons CO2/gallon gasoline × 11,484 VMT car/truck average × 1/22.3 miles per gallon car/truck average × 1 CO2, CH4, and N2O/0.989 CO2 = 4.63 metric tons CO2E/vehicle /year. For example, the number 525,000,000 could be written as 5.25E+08. The average carbon dioxide coefficient of distillate fuel oil is 429.61 kg CO2 per 42-gallon barrel (EPA 2018). Passenger vehicles are defined as 2-axle 4-tire vehicles, including passenger cars, vans, pickup trucks, and sport/utility vehicles. The average heat content of coal consumed by the electric power sector in the U.S. in 2017 was 20.92 mmbtu per metric ton (EIA 2019). Monthly Energy Review September 2019, Table A4: Approximate Heat Content of Natural Gas for End-Use Sector Consumption. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Volume 2 (Energy). Immediately after conversion from forestland to cropland, biomass is assumed to be zero, as the land is cleared of all vegetation before planting crops), ∆CL = annual decrease in biomass stocks due to losses from harvesting, fuel wood gathering, and disturbances on land converted to other land-use category (assumed to be zero). The fraction oxidized is assumed to be 100 percent (IPCC 2006). Carbon dioxide emissions reduced per light bulb switched from an incandescent bulb to a light-emitting diode bulb are calculated by multiplying annual energy savings by the national weighted average carbon dioxide marginal emission rate for delivered electricity. It was assumed that the electricity generated from an installed wind turbine would replace marginal sources of grid electricity. A typical gasoline tanker truck contains 8,500 gallons. The amount of carbon dioxide emitted per gallon of motor gasoline burned is 8.89 × 10-3 metric tons, as calculated in the “Gallons of gasoline consumed” section above. On average, each home consumed 12,146 kWh of delivered electricity. (AVERT, U.S. national weighted average CO2 marginal emission rate, year 2018 data). Please also note that this calculation method assumes that all of the forest biomass is oxidized during clearing (i.e., none of the burned biomass remains as charcoal or ash). Emissions from drained organic soils in forestland and drained organic soils in cropland vary based on the drainage depth and climate (IPCC 2006). These estimates are based on the following assumptions: The estimates of carbon sequestered by coniferous and deciduous trees were then weighted by the percent share of coniferous versus deciduous trees in cities across the United States. According to EPA’s standard volume-to-weight conversion factors, the average density of mixed recyclables is 111 lbs per cubic yard (EPA 2016a). You’ll find the very best grow light selection for indoor gardening, aquaponics and hydroponics at Hawthorne Gardening Company. One food calorie is equal to 1,000 calories, or 1 kilocalorie. Carbon dioxide emissions per pound of coal were determined by multiplying heat content times the carbon coefficient times the fraction oxidized times the ratio of the molecular weight of carbon dioxide to that of carbon (44/12). Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva, Switzerland. Whether you are growing in raised beds, 5 gallon buckets, or pots, our soil calculator has the flexibility to mix and match any combination of … To determine annual greenhouse gas emissions per passenger vehicle, the following methodology was used: VMT was divided by average gas mileage to determine gallons of gasoline consumed per vehicle per year. 1 short ton = 18,875,000 Btu (based on U.S. electric power sector consumption in 2019; preliminary), 1 kilowatthour = 3,412 Btu (standard conversion factor), 1 cubic foot = 1,037 Btu (based on U.S. average for natural gas delivered to consumers in 2019, preliminary), 1 barrel = 42 U.S. gallons = 5,698,000 Btu (based on U.S. production in 2019, preliminary), 1 gallon = 120,286 Btu (based on U.S. finished motor gasoline consumption in 2019, including fuel ethanol content; preliminary), 1 gallon = 137,381 Btu (for distillate fuel with 15 ppm or less sulfur content). Our soil calculator can be used to help you determine how much soil all of your containers will need. Carbon dioxide emissions per power plant were calculated by dividing the total emissions from power plants whose primary source of fuel was coal by the number of power plants. Voluntary Reporting of Greenhouse Gases, U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration. This page describes the calculations used to convert greenhouse gas emission numbers into different types of equivalent units. Electricity cost calculator: 18.1p per kWh and a standing charge of 22.0p per day Economy 7 cost calculator: 8.5p per kWh off peak For reference, to obtain the number of grams of CO2 emitted per gallon of gasoline combusted, the heat content of the fuel per gallon can be multiplied by the kg CO2 per heat content of the fuel. Come test out some of the products still in development and let us know what you think! 1. Regional energy information including dashboards, maps, data, and analyses. -0.21 metric ton C/acre/year* × (44 units CO2/12 units C) = -0.77 metric ton CO2/acre/year sequestered annually by one acre of average U.S. forest. In 2017, the ratio of carbon dioxide emissions to total greenhouse gas emissions (including carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, all expressed as carbon dioxide equivalents) for passenger vehicles was 0.989 (EPA 2019). See EPA’s About PDF page to learn more. Rep. PSW-GTR-253. 1,558.8 lbs CO2/MWh × (4.536 × 10-4 metric tons/lb) × 0.001 MWh/kWh = 7.07 × 10-4 metric tons CO2/kWh The fraction oxidized to CO2 is assumed to be 100 percent (IPCC 2006). Highway Statistics 2017. Maps by energy source and topic, includes forecast maps. The average carbon dioxide coefficient of natural gas is 0.0549 kg CO2 per cubic foot (EIA 2019c). The calculation takes into account “survival factors” developed by U.S. DOE (1998). The average carbon coefficient of pipeline natural gas burned in 2017is 14.43 kg carbon per mmbtu (EPA 2019). United States Environmental Protection Agency, You may need a PDF reader to view some of the files on this page. *Negative values indicate CO2 that is NOT emitted. An official website of the United States government. For example, the energy in a 300-food calorie ice cream cone is about the same as the amount of electricity required to light a 100-watt incandescent light bulb for 3.5 hours. Forms EIA uses to collect energy data including descriptions, links to survey instructions, and additional information.
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