A timeline created with Timetoast's interactive timeline maker. Both Price and Bates are examined by doctors. "The Trials of ‘The Scottsboro Boys.’" "The Scottsboro Boys" Trials. Each young man was tried, convicted and sentenced in a matter of days. May 27: The United States Supreme Court decides to hear the case. Take notes on your paper. Web. May: Thomas Knight, a justice on the Alabama Supreme Court, dies. Both the fictional and real trials had all-white juries. September: Wright and Norris leave Alabama. The white boys were forced from the train and wired ahead to the next stop on the line to have the black youths apprehended. December 21: Alabama Governor Bibb Graves meets with Allan Knight Chalmers to discuss granting clemency to the five convicted Scottsboro defendants. April 8 - 9: Olen Montgomery, Ozie Powell, Willie Roberson, Eugene Williams, and Andy Wright are also tried, convicted and sentenced to death. Explore the life of singer Marian Anderson and her triumphant 1939 concert at the Lincoln Memorial. Though most of the defendants were barely literate and all were teenagers when incarcerated, over the course of almost two decades in prison they learned the rudiments … googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; 1931 1934. June 14: Patterson's conviction is upheld by the Alabama Supreme Court. See Article History Scottsboro case, major U.S. civil rights controversy of the 1930s surrounding the prosecution in Scottsboro, Alabama, of nine black youths charged with the rape of two white women. The NAACP and IDL also raise money for appeals. August: A denial of parole is recommended for Patterson and Powell by an Alabama parole board. if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; June 22, 1933 Judge Horton sets aside Haywood Patterson's conviction and grants a new trial. The timeline was written by a law professor from the University of Missouri-Kansas City (UMKC) School of Law for educational purposes. The boys were then taken to Scottsboro, Alabama, to be tried that same day ("Scottsboro Timeline"). July 24: The rape charges against Olen Montgomery, Willie Roberson, Eugene Williams, and Roy Wright are dropped. A timeline created with Timetoast's interactive timeline maker. /* fbq('track', 'PageView'); */ Have students create a timeline of events surrounding the Scottsboro trials using both the lesson and other available resources. 27 The Scottsboro Boys . 3rd Trial Verdict. May 7, 1933 In one of many protests around the nation, thousands march in Washington protesting the Alabama trials. Rape charges are added against all nine boys after accusations are made by Victoria Price and Ruby Bates. September: Wright and Norris leave Alabama, in violation of their parole. April 16: Joseph R Brodsky files with Judge Horton a motion on a new trial for Haywood Patterson on the ground that conviction was against the weight of the evidence. He also argues that names added on the current rolls were forged. The accused are taken to Scottsboro, Alabama, the Jackson County seat. This is considered a violation of their parole. 9 black youths arrested A fight broke out between a group of white youths and a larger group of black youths on top of a trains heading towards chatanooga TN. Lee’s novel took this case and created the fictional case of Tom Robinson, a black man accused of raping a lower class white girl in a small town in Alabama during the Depression-era. He pleads guilty to assaulting a police officer and is sentenced to 20 years. In the Norris case, Leibowitz argued that the trials were inherently biased due to the exclusion of African Americans on the juries. Nine young black men were arrested and accused of raping two white women on train in Alabama. By the early 1930s, with the nation mired in the Great Depression, many May 7, 1933: In one of many protests around the nation, thousands march in Washington protesting the Alabama trials: June 22, 1933: Judge Horton sets aside Haywood Patterson's conviction and grants a new trial. The Trials of The Scottsboro Boys Trial transcript excerpts, original essays, images, maps, diagrams, court decisions, and other materials relating to the Scottboro Boys trials. January 5: A letter from Ruby Bates to a boyfriend surfaces; in it, she denies having been raped. Include the fictional events of To Kill a Mockingbird (1933-1935) and the publication of To Kill a Mockingbird (1960) in your timeline. March 25: In the depths of the Depression, a fight breaks out between white and black young men who are riding as hoboes on a Southern Railroad freight train. October: George Wallace, governor of Alabama, pardons Clarence Norris. The Scottsboro Boys were nine young black men, falsely accused of raping two white women on board a train near Scottsboro, Alabama in 1931. A Brief Timeline. Rape charges are added against all nine boys after accusations are made by Victoria Price and Ruby Bates. "The Scottsboro Boys." January: The I.L.D. January 23: Patterson is retried. December: Lieutenant Governor Thomas Knight, the prosecuting attorney for the case, meets with Leibowitz in New York to come to a compromise. March 25, 1931: Posse stops Southern Railroad train in Paint Rock, Alabama. March 27, 1933 Haywood Patterson's second trial begins in Decatur before judge James Horton. Lewis, Femi. April 7-9,1931 April 6, 1931 - Trials begin in Scottsboro before Judge A. E. Hawkins. It was also a case that tested the competition between the NAACP and the American Communist Party to represent the black community. June: Patterson is arrested by the FBI in Detroit; Michigan Governor G. Mennen Williams refuses to sign the extradition papers to return him to Alabama. Sources: Dan T. Carter, Scottsboro: A Tragedy of the American South, revised ed. November 7: In Powell v. Alabama, the U.S. Supreme Court rules that the defendants were denied the right to counsel, which violated their right to due process under the Fourteenth Amendment. Timeline These are just a few random, significant, and interesting facts activities that were happening in the World in 1929 through 1939. April-December: Shocked by the speedy trials, the extreme youth of the defendants, and the severity of the sentences, progressive national organizations take up the Scottsboro case and call for the country to reject the "Alabama frame-up." White outrage erupts over the allegations, and a lynch mob gathers at the Scottsboro jail, prompting the sheriff to call Alabama Governor Benjamin Meeks Miller. During the trial, Dr. Bridges says that Price showed very little physical signs of rape. July 23-24: Ozie Powell pleads guilty to assaulting Blalock and is sentenced to 20 years. June 28: The Alabama Supreme Court unanimously denies the defense motion for new trials. March 27: Haywood Patterson's second trial begins, this time in Decatur, Alabama, before Judge James Horton. The train is stopped by an angry posse in Paint Rock, Alabama, and nine black youths are arrested for assault. To think about how this work of fiction relates to real history, you will create a timeline of key terms and events. The perseverance of the Scottsboro Boys and the attorneys and community leaders who supported their case helped to inspire several prominent activists and organizers. The Scopes Trial and the Scottsboro Trials: Two Landmark Cases in American History. He also shows the Supreme Court justices the jury rolls with forged names. The Scottsboro Trial: A Timeline Explore the events of a trial that drew North and South into their sharpest conflict since the Civil War, … Like Scottsboro, the setting in To Kill a Mockingbird is a small town in Alabama, in the 1930s. This lesson is designed to apply Common Core State Standards and facilitate a comparison of informational texts and primary source material from the Scottsboro Boys trials of the 1931 and 1933, and the fictional trial in Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill A Mockingbird (1960). Discover the fascinating story of Elizebeth Smith Friedman, the groundbreaking cryptanalyst who helped bring down gangsters and break up a Nazi spy ring in South America. Then, the judge postpones the trials of the other defendants because tensions in town are running too high to expect a "just and impartial verdict.". The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the International Labor Defense (I.L.D.) The justices use magnifying glasses to determine the overlay of inks on the page. January: The NAACP withdraws from the case. However, it would take several years for these young men's cases to be overturned. The train is stopped by an angry posse in Paint Rock, Alabama, and nine black youths are arrested for assault. Print; Main. He is sentenced to death by electrocution. January: Andy Wright and Clarence Norris are released on parole. September: Patterson is convicted of manslaughter and sentenced to 6 to 15 years. Civil rights organizations followed suit, raising money and providing defense for these young men. Where People Convicted of Felonies Can Vote in the U.S. How Lawrence Bittaker and Roy Norris Became the Toolbox Killers, Coker v. Georgia: Supreme Court Case, Arguments, Impact, The Appeals Process Stage of a Criminal Case, Abolition of Capital Punishment in Canada, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), M.S.Ed, Secondary Education, St. John's University, M.F.A., Creative Writing, City College of New York. Although different in many ways, the Scopes Trial of 1925 and the Scottsboro Trials … March 30: The nine "Scottsboro Boys" are indicted by a grand jury. Cinematographer Tom Hurwitz talks about documentary filmmaking and his unique experience filming in Scottsboro, Alabama where his father, documentarian Leo Hurwitz, had shot nearly 70 years before. Click on the image below to access a timeline of the case. January 23: Patterson is found guilty and sentenced to 75 years in prison. July 12-16: The third trial of Clarence Norris ends in a death sentence. By the evening, the local newspaper, Jackson County Sentinel calls the rape a "revolting crime.". The events that culminated in the trials began in the early spring of 1931, when nine young black men were falsely accused of raping two white women on a train. July 12: Victoria Price sues NBC for defamation and invasion of privacy after its broadcast of Judge Horton and the Scottsboro Boys airs. The Scottsboro Boys were nine young black men, falsely accused of raping two white women on board a train near Scottsboro, Alabama in 1931. Maintaining that a fair and impartial trial was impossible, the Party and its auxiliaries publicized the case widely in order to apply mass pressure on the Alabama justice system. Scottsboro Trial. He is found guilty and sentenced to 75 years in prison. September: Clarence Norris is paroled again. June 22: Patterson's conviction is set aside by Judge Horton. Timeline The Scottsboro Trial: A Timeline. Watch the video to learn about the final chapter of the Scottsboro Trial, in the spring of 2013. 1932 The nine young men are taken to Scottsboro, Ala. (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1979); Philip S. Foner … March 30,1931 - All of the boys are indicted of rape. June 9: Andy Wright is paroled. Governor Miller in turn calls in the National Guard to protect the jail and its prisoners. } April 18: Judge Horton suspends Patterson's death sentence after a motion for a new trial. Acquire. December: Because of the prevailing sentiments in Alabama, both Leibowitz and the I.L.D. June 22: Pending an appeal to the Alabama Supreme Court, the executions of the nine defendants are stayed. April 9: 13-year-old Roy Wright is also tried. June: Ozie Powell is released from prison on parole. Mar 25, 1931. {if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? In 1931, nine African American boys were accused of gang-raping two white girls on a train bound to Chattanooga from Memphis (train diagram).The case was tried solely on the basis of the testimony of the two white girls. SCOTTSBORO BOYS ARRESTED Nine black teenagers are arrested after a fight with a group of white teenagers on a train to Memphis. November 15: The pardon applications of all five defendants are denied by Graves. The train is stopped in Paint Rock, Ala and nine African-American teens are arrested for assault. He is the last surviving of the Scottsboro Boys. 1931 - 1933 | 1934 - 1989. the boys were arrested July 20-21: The trial of Andy Wright ends in conviction and a sentence of 99 years. These organizations provide support to the nine young men and their families. January 23: Clarence Norris dies. July 12: Victoria Price files a lawsuit against NBC for defamation and invasion of privacy after the broadcast of Judge Horton and the Scottsboro Boys; her claim is dismissed. if ( 'querySelector' in document && 'addEventListener' in window ) { 1938 The youngest two, Roy Wright and Eugene Williams, have been transferred to a Juvenile Court. January 24: While being transported back to Birmingham Jail, Ozie Powell pulls a knife and slashes Deputy Edgar Blalock's throat. to defend the Scottsboro boys. 3rd Trial. are considered liabilities to the defendants and the defense is reorganized. Rape charges are dropped. August: An Alabama parole board recommends a denial of parole for Patterson and Powell. In March of 1931, nine young African-American men were accused of raping two white women on a train. 80 years after nine false convictions, a vote took place, pardoning all nine of the boys. Alabama abandons attempts to return him to prison. Her claim, however, is dismissed. "Scottsboro Boys" Trials (1931-1937) No crime in American history-- let alone a crime that never occurred-- produced as many trials, convictions, reversals, and retrials as did an alleged gang rape of two white girls by nine black teenagers on the Southern Railroad freight run from Chattanooga to Memphis on March 25, 1931. Local attorney, Clarence Watts serves as co-counsel. 3rd Trial. January 5: A letter written from Bates to her boyfriend is uncovered. Scottsboro Boys Trial Timeline The Arrest Ozie Powell Shot By Officer On March 25, 1931, 6 white men claimed to have been thrown off of the train by the 9 Scottsboro Boys. The Scottsboro case, in which nine young African-American men were accused of raping two white women (see the arrests on March 25, 1931), was arguably the most important civil rights case of the 1930s.Three Scottsboro cases reached the Supreme Court and resulted in landmark decisions by the Court. Trial opened . 1931 - 1933 | 1934 - 1989. 1950 October 1: Nashville police arrest two lawyers associated with the I.L.D. June: The sentences given to Norris, Andy Wright, and Weems are affirmed by the Alabama Supreme Court. Supreme Court. Include the fictional events of To Kill a Mockingbird (1933-1935) and the publication of To Kill a Mockingbird (1960) in your timeline. Courtroom. Crowd Fights Back ! April 18: Judge Horton sets the sentence of death for Patterson, and then suspends it on a motion for a new trial. Mar 25, 1931. However, G. Mennen Williams, governor of Michigan does not extradite Patterson to Alabama. March 24: The Alabama Supreme Court upholds the convictions of seven defendants in a vote of 6-1. Scottsboro Limited Photo: University of Minnesota Libraries, Archie Givens, Sr. Collection of African American Literature The American Communist Party (CP), in this period at the height of its organizing focus in the American South against racism and economic exploitation, immediately took the case on, and largely through activist efforts, sparked a mass … He describes the absence of blacks in Jackson County juries and presents the justices with the jury rolls with forged names. Sheriff Jay Sandlin stops the car and shoots Powell in the head. The case arose out of the infamous Scottsboro case. The Scottsboro trials were the main source The source seems reliable and accurate, and was therefore used. Scottsboro Boys Trial Timeline The Arrest Ozie Powell Shot By Officer On March 25, 1931, 6 white men claimed to have been thrown off of the train by the 9 Scottsboro Boys. In March of 1931, nine young African-American men were accused of raping two white women on a train. APR, 1931 April through December: Organizations such as the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) as well as the International Labor Defense (ILD) are astonished by the age of the defendants, length of their trails, and sentences received. Norris returns to jail in October 1944 and Wright in October 1946. Lewis, Femi. The case of the Scottsboro Boys, which lasted more than 80 years, helped to spur the Civil Rights Movement. Scottsboro boys are arrested on charges of assault. Femi Lewis is a writer and educator who specializes in African American history topics, including enslavement, activism, and the Harlem Renaissance. The nine, after nearly being lynched, were brought to trial in Scottsboro in April 1931, just three weeks after their arrests. While the Scottsboro case is known as a notorious example of institutionalized racism and a tragic miscarriage of justice, the Supreme Court's decision in Powell established an important right for defendants of all races in capital cases from that moment on. 2014. The Scottsboro Trials were among the most infamous episodes of legal injustice in the Jim Crow South. Mar 30, 1931. He agrees. November to December: Patterson and Norris' cases both end in the death penalty. September: Patterson is sentenced to six to fifteen years in prison after being convicted of manslaughter. June 12: In his bid for re-election, Horton is defeated. youths [were] arrested for assault" ("Scottsboro Timeline"). April 6 - 7: Clarence Norris and Charlie Weems, were placed on trial, convicted and given the death sentence. However, Patterson's case is not included in the argument because of filing date technicalities. July: Governor Graves commutes Norris's death sentence to life imprisonment. Supreme Court. On March 25, 1931 - Nine black teenagers were arrested on charges of assault, they also had rape charges added after being accused of allegedly raping two white females. 1951 Well, it's easy as toast! Scottsboro Boys-Accused . Scottsboro Boys "Beaten" . The Scottsboro Boys in Their Own Words by Kwando M. Kinshasa This is a collection of letters written by the nine African American defendants in the infamous March 1931 Scottsboro, Alabama, rape case. ... Scottsboro Trial Timeline created by yourjessica_ In History. June 12: Judge Horton is defeated in his bid for re-election. document.documentElement.className += 'js'; !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) Prologue . June: Ozie Powell is released on parole. March 24: The Alabama Supreme Court, voting 6-1, upholds the convictions of seven of the defendants, granting Eugene Williams a new trial because he was a juvenile at the time of his conviction. This denial was considered a violation of their right to due process under the Fourteenth Amendment. Another police official shoots Powell in the head. 'https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); 1989 1976 April 1: In Norris v. Alabama, the United States Supreme Court finds the exclusion of blacks on jury rolls deprived black defendants of their rights to equal protection under the law as guaranteed in the Fourteenth Amendment. White's first major struggle as leader of the NAACP centered on the Scottsboro Trial in 1931. Rape charges are added against all nine boys after accusations are made by Victoria Price and Ruby Bates. November 15: Governor Graves denies the pardon applications of all five Scottsboro defendants. The perseverance of the Scottsboro Boys and the attorneys and community leaders who supported their case helped to inspire several prominent activists and organizers. Scottsboro case, major U.S. civil rights controversy of the 1930s surrounding the prosecution in Scottsboro, Alabama, of nine black youths charged with the rape of two white women. Scottsboro boys are nearly lynched by crowd of over 100 gathered around Scottsboro's jail. The sentence is a compromise between the foreman, who thought the defendant innocent, and the rest of the jury. Convicted and facing execution, the case of Charlie Weems, Ozie Powell, Clarence Norris, Olen Montgomery, Willie Roberson, Haywood Patterson, Eugene Williams, and Andrew and Leroy Wright sparked international …
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